= (a-y)² - 4²

= (a-y-4)(a-y+4)

a) \(2xy-y+6x-3=\left(2xy+6x\right)-\left(y+3\right)=2x\left(y+3\right)-\left(y+3\right)=\left(2x-1\right)\left(y+3\right)\)

b) \(x^2-2xy-x+2y=\left(x^2-2xy\right)-\left(x-2y\right)=x\left(x-2y\right)-\left(x-2y\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2y\right)\)

a) x³-2x²-x+2

=x(x²-1)+2(-x²+1)

=x(x²-1)-2(x²-1)

=(x²-1)(x-2)

b)

x²+6x-y²+9

=x²+6x+9-y²

=(x+3)²-y²

^{=(x+3-y)(x+3+y)}

\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y+1\right)\)

a) \(x^2-xy+x-y\)

\(=x\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-y\right)\)

b) \(x^2+5x+6\)

\(=x^2+2x+3x+6\)

\(=x\left(x+2\right)+3\left(x+2\right)\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x+2\right)\)

\(2xy-x^2-y^2+16\)

\(=16-\left(x-y\right)^2\)

\(=\left(4-x+y\right)\left(4+x-y\right)\)

\(=x^2\left(y+1\right)-\left(y+1\right)\)

=(y+1)(x-1)(x+1)

=(x-y)²-9²

=(x-y-9)(x-y+9)

b) \(5x^3+10x^2y+5xy^2=2\left(x^3+2x^2y+xy^2\right)\)

\(=2\left(x^3+x^2y+x^2y+xy^2\right)=2\left[x^2\left(x+y\right)+xy\left(x+y\right)\right]\)

=\(2\left(x^2+xy\right)\left(x+y\right)\)

Bài 1: 

\(=3x^3y-6x^2y^2+15xy\)

Bài 2: 

\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-25=\left(x+y+5\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\)

\(x^2+2xy-25+y^2\\ =\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-5^2\\ =\left(x+y\right)^2-5^2\\ =\left(x+y-5\right)\left(x+y+5\right)\)

\(9-\left(x-y\right)^2=\left(3-x+y\right)\left(3+x-y\right)\)

= - (x² - 2xy + y² - 9) = - [ (x - y)² - 3² ] = - (x - y - 3).(x - y + 3)